有这样一则新闻：《西班牙华人女子因语言障碍，做手术被误切子宫》，讲的是华人移民赵女士，在西班牙检查时发现子宫良性肿瘤。可能是因为移民多年，赵女士感觉自己的语言没什么问题，所以和医生的沟通都是独自完成，随后就入院接受了手术治疗。
不久后她返回医院复查，却被告知子宫已被切除。原来，西班牙医院的医生给她提供了两种方案，一种是只切除肿瘤，另一种是根治性的子宫全切。尽管赵女士的外语应付日常生活毫无困难，但面对专业的医学术语，她犹如听天书一般，只是不停地回答“是”，并在同意书上签了字。赵女士“仅是”因为这个小小的错误失去了一个器官。
虽然此事发生在西班牙，但我们对这样的状况非常熟悉，在非母语环境就医：不能准确描述病情，医生在讲什么也几乎听不懂。医学翻译无儿戏，任何一个细节，哪怕仅仅是表述得不准确，都有可能误导医生的判断。所以说，你需要知道一些常见病情的准确英语表达。
医学名词 Medical Terminology
过敏 Allergy
健康诊断 Gernral Check-up
检查 Examination
入院 Admission to Hospotial
退院 Discharge from Hospital
症状 Symptom
营养 Nutrition
病例 Clinical History
诊断 Diagnosis
治疗 Treatment
预防 Prevention
呼吸 Respiration
便通 Bowel Movement
便 Stool
尿 Urine
血液 Blood
脉搏 Pulse, Pulsation
脉搏数 Pulse Rate
血型 Blood Type
血压 Blood Pressure
麻醉 Anesthesia
全身麻醉 General Anesthesia
静脉麻醉 Intravenous Anesthesia
脊椎麻醉 Spinal Anesthesia
局部麻醉 Local Anesthesia
手术 Operation
切除 Resectionlie
副作用 Side Effect
洗净 Irrigation
注射 Injection
X光 X-Ray
红外线 Ultra Red-Ray
慢性的 Chronic
急性的 Acute
体格 Build
亲戚 Relative
遗传 Heredity
免疫 Immunity
血清 Serum
流行性的 Epidemic
潜伏期 Incubation Period
滤过性病毒 Virus
消毒 Sterilization
抗生素 Antibiotic
脑波 E.E.G
洗肠 Enema
结核反映 Tuberculin Reaction
华氏 Fahrenheit
摄氏 Celsius, Centigrade
药品 Medicine
袋 Ice Bag
药品 Medicine (Drug)
绷带 Bandage
胶带 Adhesive Tape
剪刀 Scissors
体温计 Thermometer
药丸 Tablet, Pill
舌下锭 Sublingual Tablet
胶囊 Capsules
软膏 Ointment
眼药 Eye Medicine
止咳药 Cough Medicine
阿司匹林 Aspirin
止疼药 Pain Killer
药方prescription
症状 symptom
发烧 Fever
高烧 High Fever
发冷 Chillsz
发汗 Sweats
盗汗 Night Sweats
倦怠 Tireness
失眠 Insomnia
肩头发硬 Stiffness in Shoulder
打喷嚏 Sneeze
打嗝 Hiccup
痒 Itch
腰疼 Low Back Pain
头疼 Headache
痛 Pain (Ache)
急性疼痛 Acute Pain
激痛 Severe Pain
钝痛 dull Pain
压痛 Pressing Pain
刺痛 Sharp Pain
戳痛 Piercing Pain
一跳一跳地痛 Throbbing Pain
针扎似的痛 Prickling Pain
烧痛 Burning Pain
裂痛 Tearing Pain
持续痛 Continuous Pain
不舒服 Uncomfortable
绞痛 Colic
放射痛 Rediating Pain
溃烂痛 Sore Pain
痉挛痛 Crampy Pain
顽痛 Persistent Pain
轻痛 Slight Pain
血尿 Bloody Urine
浓尿 Pyuria
粘液便 Mucous Stool
粘土样便 Clay-Colored Stool
验血 Blood Analysis
红血球 Red Cell
白血球 White Cell
呼吸数 Respiration Rate
呼气 Expiration
吸气 Inspiration
呼吸困难 Difficulty in Breathing
不规则脉搏 Irregular Pulse
慢脉 Bradycardia
快脉 Rapid Pulse
尿浑浊 Cloudy Urine
蛋白质 Albuminuria
糖尿 Glucosuria
瘦 thin, Skinny
肥 Fat
孕检
医生类别
妇产科 Obstetrics & Gynecology
产科医生 Obstetrician OB/GYN
助产士 Midwife
产房护士 Labor-room nurse
儿科医生 Paediatrician
麻醉师 Anesthetist
B超医师 Ultrasound Doctor/Technician
哺乳顾问 Lactation Consultant
子宫及相关各部位名称
子宫 Uterus (womb)
子宫颈 Cervix
子宫壁 Uterine wall
阴道 Vagina
卵巢 Ovary
输卵管 Fallopian tube
羊水 Amniotic fluid
骨盆 Pelvis
产道 Birth canal
膀胱 Bladder
尿道 Urethra
直肠 Rectum
会阴 Perineum
阴毛 Pubic hair
肠 Bowel
孕早期
月经 Menstruation (Periods)
下腹部痛 Low abdominal pain
阴道分泌物 Vaginal Discharge
月经周期 Menstrual Cycle
月经痛 Dysmenorrhea
无月经 Amenorrhea
排卵 Ovulation
受精 Conception
着床 Implantation
流产 Miscarriage
堕胎 Abortion
害喜 Morning sickness
B-超 Ultrasound
预产期 Due date，Date of delivery
孕期胎症状
胎儿 Fetal
胎动 Fetal Movement; Quickening
入盆 The baby’s head engaged in the pelvis
头位 Cephalic position
臀位 Breech position
羊水过多 Polyhydramnion
羊水渗漏 Leakage
早期破水 Premature Rupture
胞状畸胎 Hydatid Mole
胎盘前置 Placenta Praevia
盘卷脐带 Coiling of the Umbilical Cord
羊水穿刺 Amniocentesis
孕妇症状
浮肿 Edema
贫血 Anemia
腿抽筋 Leg Cramp
小便频繁 Urinate frequently
排尿困难 Dysuria
痔疮 Hemorrhoids
便秘 Constipation
静脉曲张 Varicose vein
黄褐斑 Chloasma
黑线 Linea nigra
尿道炎 Urinary Trust Infection
蛋白尿症 Albuminuria
子痫前症/孕期高血压 Preeclampsia
糖尿病 Diabetes
骨盆狭窄 Narrow Pelvic
早产 Premature Birth
直肠检查 Rectal Examination
阴道检查 Internal (Vaginal) Examination
预产期 Date of delivery; Due date
宫缩 Contractions
孕中晚期轻微宫缩 Braxton-Hicks contractions
阵痛 Labor Pain
破水 Water-break /rupture of membranes
开宫口 Cervical dilation
婴儿露顶 Crowning
分娩
剖腹产 C-section
顺产 Vaginal birth
在刨腹产后第二胎选择顺产 VBAC（Vaginal Birth After C-Section）
药物催产 Induction
催产素 Pitocin
硬膜外麻醉（无痛分娩） Epidural
麻醉 Anesthesia
脊髓麻醉 Spinal block
止痛剂 Analgesics
胎儿心音 Fetal Heart Sounds
胎心监护器 Fetal monitor
子宫收缩 Contraction
会阴切开 Episiotomy
会阴缝合 Perineorrhaphy Stitch
胎盘前置 Placenta Praevia
胎盘分离 Separation of the Placenta
脐带绕颈 Coiling of the Umbilical Cord
骨盆狭窄 Narrow Pelvic
会阴裂伤 Laceration of the Perineum
子宫破裂 Tubal Rupture
剖腹产 Caesarean Section
产钳助产 Forceps Delivery
难产 Dystocia
早产 Premature Birth
灌肠器 enema
产钳 forceps
真空抽提器 Vacuum extractor
产床脚蹬 Stirrup
产后
胎盘 Placenta
恶露 Lochia
早产 Premature Birth
双胞胎 Twins
产褥热 Puerperal Fever
妊娠纹 Striations of Pregnancy
产后沮丧 Baby Blue
产后忧郁症 Postpartum Depression ( PPD )
小便 Urinate
放屁 Expel/make gas
喂养
母乳喂养 Breast Feeding
人工喂养 Bottle Feeding
初乳 Colostrum
乳头 Nipple
乳晕 Areola
乳腺 Mammary glands
哺乳期 Lactation
奶泵 Brest Pump
新生儿
肚脐 Navel
脐带 Umbilical cord
脐带血 Cord blood
黄疸 Lcterus (Jaundice)
阿普迦新生儿评分 Apgar score
胎儿皮脂 Vernixz
婴儿胎毛、绒毛 Lanugo
小便 Pee
大便 Poo
打嗝 Burping
病情描述
一般病情
He feels headache, nausea and vomiting.
他觉得头痛、恶心和想吐。
He is under the weather.
他不舒服，生病了。
He began to feel unusually tired.
他感到反常的疲倦。
He feels lightheaded.
他觉得头晕。
She has been shutin for a few days.
她生病在家几天了。
Her head is pounding.
她头痛。
His symptoms include loss of appetite, weight loss, excessive fatigue, fever and chills.
他的症状包括没有食欲、体重减轻、非常疲倦、发烧和发冷。
He feels exhausted or fatigued most of the time.
他大部份时间都觉得非常疲倦。
He has been lacking in energy for some time.
他感到虚弱有段时间了。
He feels drowsy, dizzy and nauseated.
他觉得昏昏欲睡，头晕目眩和想吐。
He feels as though everything around him is spinning.
他感到周围的东西都在打转。
He has noticed some loss of hearing.
他发觉听力差些。
She has some pains and itching around her eyes.
她眼睛四周又痛又痒。
伤风感冒
He has been coughing up rusty or greenishyellow phlegm.
他咳嗽带有绿黄色的痰。
His eyes feel itchy and he has been sneezing.
他眼睛发痒，而且一直在打喷嚏。
He has a fever, aching muscles and hacking cough. (hacking = constant)
他有发烧，筋骨酸痛和常常咳嗽。
He coughed with sputum and feeling of malaise. (malaise = debility)
他咳嗽有浓痰，而且觉得很虚弱。
He gets a cold with a deep hacking cough.
他伤风咳嗽。
He has a headache, aching bones and joints.
他头痛，骨头、关节也痛。
He has a persistent cough.
他不停地在咳。
He has bouts of uncontrollable coughing.
他一阵阵的咳嗽，难以控制。
He has hoarse and has lost his voice sometimes.
他声音嘶哑，有时失声。
He has a sore throat and a stuffy nose.
他嗓子疼痛而且鼻子不通。
His breathing is harsh and wheezy.
他呼吸时，有气喘似的呼哧呼哧作响。
He has a stabbing pain that comes on suddenly in one or both temples.
有时突然间太阳穴刺痛。
He has a runny nose, sneezing or a scratchy throat.
他流鼻水，打喷嚏和喉咙沙哑。
女性疾病
She has noticed one lump in her breast.
她发觉乳房有个肿块。
There is a hard, swollen lump on her right breast.
她右乳房有肿块。
Her left breast is painful and swollen.
她左乳房疼痛且肿大。
She has heavy bleeding with her periods.
她月经来的很多。
Her vaginal discharge is white or greenishyellow and unpleasant smelling.
她阴道分泌物带白色或绿黄色，而且气味不好。
She has noticed occasional spotting of blood between periods.
在月经来的前后，她有时也发觉有滴滴达达的流血。
She has some bleeding after intercourse.
性交后有出血。
She feels some vaginal itching.
她感到阴部发痒。
She has painful periods and abnormal vaginal discharge.
她月经来时疼痛，而且阴道有不正常的分泌物。
手脚疾病
His both hands and feet ache all over.
他两手两脚都很酸痛。
He has pain on the sole of his feet.
他脚底很痛。
There is a wartlike lump on the sole of right foot.
我右脚底有个像肉疣般的硬块。
His ankles look puffy and they pit when he presses them with his finger. (pit = small dent form;句里的 they 和 them 都是指 ankles)
他的足踝好象肿了，用手按，就有小坑痕。
The pain in his left foot is accompanied by redness and swelling.
左脚酸痛，并有红肿。
The joints near his fingernails and knuckles look swollen.
指头和指节旁边的关节，似乎有肿大。
He has numbness and tingling in his hands and fingers.
他的手和指头感到麻木和刺痛。
His legs become painful following strenuous exercise.
激烈运动后，他的腿就痛。
His knee is misshapen or unable to move.
他的膝盖有点畸形，也不能动。
There are some swellings in his armpit.
他的腋窝肿大。
He is troubled with painful muscles and joints.
他的筋骨和关节都痛。
She is troubled by the pains in the back and shoulders.
她的后背和肩膀都痛。
His knee has been bothering him for some time.
他的膝盖不舒服，已有一段时间了。
男性疾病
He urinates more frequently than usual.
他小便比平时多。
He has difficulty controlling his bladder.
他很难控制小便。bladder：膀胱
There are some lumps on his testicles.
他的睾丸有些硬块。
He has had burning or pain when he urinates.
他小便时感到发烫和疼痛。
He is passing less urine than usual.
他小便比平时少。
He has had painless swelling in his scrotum.
他的阴囊有不痛的肿大。
He feels lack of interest in sex.
他自觉对性的兴趣大减。
He has difficulty starting his urine flow.
他小便不畅通。
His urine stream is very weak and slow.
他小便流动得很慢很弱。
He dribbles a little urine after he has finished urinating.
他小便后，还会有少量零星地滴下。
He has had some discharge from his penis.
他的阴茎排出一些流脓。
His urine is cloudy and it smells strong.
他的小便混浊，而且气味不好。
He has a dull heavy ache in the crotch.
他的胯部感到隐痛。
He has a small leakage of urine when he coughs or sneezes.
他咳嗽或打喷嚏时，会有点泄尿。
He has trouble urinating.
他小便有困难。
呼吸方面
His breathing has become increasingly difficult.
他呼吸越来越困难。
He has to breathe through his mouth.
他要用口呼吸。
He is short of breath, even when he has not been exercising, he is breathless.他喘气;即使不运动，他也是上气不接下气。
His cough is more like wheezing.
他的咳嗽有呼哧呼哧的响声。
His cough is dry, producing no phlegm.
他是干咳，没有痰。
He has coughed up blood.
他咳嗽有血。
His nose stuffed up when he had a cold.
他感冒时鼻子就不通。
He coughs up a lot of phlegm (thick spit) on most days.
他多半时间咳出浓浓的痰。
He has a feeling of tightness in the chest or a feeling that he is suffocating.
他胸部觉得闷闷的，好象透不过气来。
口腔毛病
He has pain in his teeth or jaw.
他的牙齿和下巴疼痛。
He has some problems with his teeth.
他牙齿有问题。
The tooth hurts only when he bites down on it.
他咬东西时，牙齿就痛。
His gums are red and swollen.
他的牙床红肿。
His tongue is red and sore all over.
他的舌头到处红和痛。
His breath smells bad and he has a foul taste in his mouth.
他口里有怪味。
His gums do bleed.
他牙床有出血。
He has some sore swellings on his gum or jaw.
他的牙床和下巴肿痛。
He has sore places on or around the lip.
他的嘴唇和周围都很痛。
There are cracks at the corners of his mouth.
他的嘴巴角落破了。
There are some discolored areas inside on his tongue.
他舌头里边有些地方颜色怪怪的。
肠胃毛病
He has a bloated, uncomfortable feeling after meal.
他饭后肚子觉得胀胀的，很不舒服。
He has bouts of abdominal pain.
他有一阵阵的肚痛。
He feels bloated in his abdominal area.
他感到肚子胀胀的。
(注：胀胀的，像“puff up”，但不是真正的肿“swell up”。)
The pain is mainly in the lower (upper) right part of the abdomen.
痛是在肚子下半部。
He has nausea and vomiting.
他有恶心和呕吐。
It is difficult or painful for him to swallow.
他吞下食物时会痛。
He has passed more gas than usual.
他放屁比平常多。
He has been constipated for a few days.
他便秘了好几天。
He suffers pains when he moves his bowels.
他大便时很痛。
He has some bleeding from his rectum.
他的肛门出血。
He has noticed some blood in his bowel movements.
他发觉大便时有些血。
His bowel movements are pale, greasy and foul smelling.
他大便呈灰白色，含油脂的恶臭。
He has trouble with diarrhea.
他拉肚子。
血压&感官
His blood pressure is really up.
他的血压很高。
He has noticed frequent urination, increased thirst and unexpected tireness. 他发觉常常小便，非常口渴和更加疲倦。
It is a chest pain that gets worse when he bends over or lies down
他弯腰或躺下时，胸部更痛。
He has noticed excessive sweating and unexplained tireness.
他体会到过度的出汗和难以解释的疲倦。
He has a sharp pain in one area of his spine.
他的脊椎某部位刺痛。
He has pain in other joints including hip, knee and ankle.
其它关节疼痛包括臀部、膝盖和脚踝。
His eyes seem to be bulging.
他的眼睛觉得有点肿胀。
He has double vision.
他的视线有双重影子。
He feels there is a film over his eyes.
他觉得眼里有种薄膜似的东西，挡住视线。
His vision in the right eye blurred.
他右眼视线模糊不清。
He has had some earaches lately.
他近来耳朵有点痛。
He has a repeated buzzing or other noises in his ears.
他耳朵常有嗡嗡的声音。
